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Corns and Calluses: Explained By Your Foot And Ankle Care Doctor
Callus: A callus is a collective body of hard, dead skin cells found usually on the underside of the feet or hands. Callus is the outcome of continuous friction against the skin at some point or due to excess pressure. It occurs as a flat, widespread thickening and hardening of the skin.
The formation of a callus is actually a natural protective measure that a body adopts to provide cushion against excessive exertion and resulting irritation on the tender zone. Calluses are generally presented as yellowish coloring. They are noncontagious and usually painless; however, too much thickened a callus can be painful due to its nucleation. The common sites of their occurrence are the heel, ball of the foot and medial side of the big toe. In people suffering from diabetes or restricted circulation calluses can give rise to graver foot problems.
Corn: A corn is a special form of callus that grows on the toes owing to the upward push of the bones against tightly closing shoes that causes extra pressure to be exerted on the skin. The topmost skin layer thickens to a depth, producing irritation in the underlying fascia.
The “soft corns” develop between the toes as open-end sores due to the phalanges rubbing against each other and causing friction. The “hard corns” tend to appear on top of the big toe or beside the fifth toe. Corns are usually painless outgrowths unless they are left untreated to acquire excessive thickness and depth.
Corns and Calluses: The Underlying Causes
Corns are usually the outcome of the following factors:
- Toe Deformities such as claw toe or hammer toe
- High Heeled Shoes exerting pressure on the arches, toes and balls of the feet
- Poorly Fitting Footwear being either too much tight or loose
- Loosely Fitting Socks causing the feet to slide and rub against the shoes
- Rubbing Against The Shoe Seam Or Stitch in barefoot condition
Calluses are caused due to the following issues:
- Poorly Fitting Footwear being either too much tight or loose
- High Heeled Shoes exerting pressure on the arches, toes and balls of the feet
- Being Overweight producing extra pressure over the feet and joints
- Friction Due To Continuous Rubbing putting pressure on the same area repeatedly
- Absence Of Socks preventing safety of the feet against sliding friction
- Physical Issues such as bony prominences, swollen feet, flat feet, hammer toes, bunions and other foot deformities
Corns and Calluses: The Symptoms Your Podiatrist Would Take Stock Of
Corns and calluses often manifest similar signs and symptoms, as underlined below:
- Hardened & Thickened Skin in hands or feet that remains in constant contact and motion
- Flakiness Or Dryness Of The Skin noticeable after prolonged condition
- Painful sensation in the affected area
- Swelling & Redness in the affected region
- Bleeding occurring in severe cases
Corns and Calluses: The Treatment Procedure
The Basic Home Care: Corns and calluses rarely enter the severe stage. If mild- natured, they may be better left untreated until turning bothersome. Medication is advised to be avoided owing to their probable harsh composition that might produce the adverse effects of burning sensation and even foot ulcers.
Having said that, the following basic remedies might prove quite helpful in managing this condition within your residential premises:
- Trimmed Nails must be ensured at all times
- Soak Feet frequently in lukewarm water
- Apply Moisturizing Lotion Or Glycerin on daily basis for lubrication
- Wear Proper Footwear & Socks that are supportive to your feet
- Use Gloves while doing manual labor or gym workout
The Foot And Ankle Care Intervention: Non-responsive or more serious corns and calluses are managed well by your foot and ankle care specialist for the provision of complete healing. He is open to the following options to go about the treatment process:
- Topical Application such as an antibacterial ointment to ward off infections
- Oral Medication comprising of antibiotics
- Callus Removal Kit might be suggested and fully guided to
- Adding Gel Pad Inserts to the shoes to act as cushion
- Surgical Incisions to reduce their size gradually
- Injecting Cortisone into the affected area to control intense pain
- Full-fledged Surgery for absolutely tenacious skin offshoots